The Chicago Manual of Style -학술논문표준형식

The Chicago Manual of Style (abbreviated CMS or CMOS, and spoken as Chicago) is a style guide for American English published by the University of Chicago Press (hence its title), prescribing a writing style widely used in publishing. The CMS deals with all aspects of editorial practice, from American English grammar and usage to document preparation.

Contents [hide] 1 Overview 2 History 3 See also 4 External links

[edit] Overview

The first edition of the CMS was published by the University of Chicago in 1906, as A Manual of Style; in 1982, it was officially retitled The Chicago Manual of Style upon publication of the 13th edition, the informal name already in widespread use by the book's users. Recently, the publishers have released a new edition every decade or so; the most recent is the 15th edition, published in 2003. Priced at US$55, the 15th edition has been revised throughout to reflect the prominent computer technology and the Internet in publishing, offering stylistic guidance for citing electronic works; other changes include a new chapter on American English grammar and usage, and revised treatment of mathematical copy.

Currently, the CMS is published in hardcover (ISBN 0226104036, ISBN 0226104052 (with CD-ROM)), CD-ROM (ISBN 0226104044), and online, that edition released 29 September 2006 (link). The online edition includes the fully-searchable text of the 15th edition with added features such as tools for editors, a quick citation guide, and searchable access to the Chicago Style Q&A, a feature popular with copyeditors and grammar afficionados, wherein University of Chicago Press manuscript editors answer readers' editorial style questions. An annual subscription is required for access to the content of the Manual, but the rest of the site is available free.

[edit] History

What became The Chicago Manual of Style was first published in 1906 under the title Manual of Style: Being a compilation of the typographical rules in force at the University of Chicago Press, to which are appended specimens of type in use. From its earliest, 200-page edition, the CMS evolved into a reference style guide of 984 pages in its 15th edition. It was one of the first editorial style guides published in the United States, and is largely responsible for research methodology standardization, most specifically about citation style.

By 1969, the CMS was the leading style guide in publishing, selling some 150,000 copies of the 12th edition, however, throughout the 1960s the demand for a more concise and up-to-date style guide grew. The Modern Language Association found that The Chicago Manual of Style was not evolving fast enough to suit the demands of the modern humanities researcher, and, as such, made the citations excessively complicated for modern methods (e.g. the microfilming drive, and, in particular, the evolving world of electronic records). Consequently, they published their own MLA style guides, aimed at different audiences, e.g. The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers and the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing.

Style guides have continued proliferating: first, with the introduction of the MLA style guide, later with the American Psychological Association publishing its own citation style, and other disciplines following suit. Today, there are style guides for writers, editors, and publishers, each claiming authority in a certain field.

The Chicago Manual of Style remains the citation style in some social science publications and in most historical journals; the publications of the Organization of American Historians and the American Anthropological Association are two examples. Since it includes chapters relevant strictly to the publishers of books and journals, it remains the widely-used reference for the publishing industry. -- 정보원 : wikipedia